​Batteries for use in vehicle applications must be safe and ideally have high energy densities.  Currently, Lithium Ion Batteries are being used for vehicle electrification; however, safety issues and limited potential for increasing energy density (driving range) remain problematic.  Unfortunately, increasing energy density through the use of  Li-metal anodes or high energy density cathode materials increases safety issues.  The development of next generation safe batteries with high energy densities is desired.  Anion Shuttle Batteries represent one possible chemistry to achieve good safety with high energy density.  Batteries based on anionic charge carriers have the potential to generate multiple electron transfers for a given metallic electrode and eliminate the formation of dangerous metallic dendrites observed in cation based chemistries.  Our research goal is to understand the feasibility and practicality of anion shuttle based battery chemistries as they pertain to vehicle applications.